Future peaceful dynamic world can be built by reforming UN?

THE RIGHT THINKING 24

Future peaceful dynamic world can be built by reforming UN.

 

Uinted Nations(UN) as a guardian of the world or president of the world was formed with many hopes in order to build peaceful, stable, prosperous world after long war and world war. How much it has achieved performing its responsibilities across the world ? now it is highly questioned on many issues. Many more now are claiming to bring reform on many of its functions in order to play more effective role on many issues to move forward the world by resolving arisen disputes implementing its rules, regulations on member countries.

 

However, it’s most vital functions are UN General Assembly(UNGA), UN Security Council permanent members by five countries, UNSC non-permanent members by 15 countries. The resolutions are passed by vote and consensus but unanimous decision is needed to pass the resolution by UNSC. UN Security Council has been being experienced failing passing the resolutions by even one member country's veto. Therefore, many disputes are creating hurdles resolving arisen chaos, violence, mass human rights violation, civil war, war, crimes and so on across the world.

 

It is noted, UNSC recently has failed to pass the resolutions due to fail obtaining unanimous consensus on Myanmar present military govt & violence issue as well as ethnic cleansing on Rohingya issue. Same things have been taken place at the time of passing the resolutions on Syria, Israel &Palestine disputes and so on. Many disputes like these are going on across the world such as North Korea's nuclear weapon, South China Sea, Hong Kong, Kashmir, Yemen war, Libya, Ukraine, ISIS militancy, civil war & distability in African countries, Sudan, Mali, Somalia, Afghanistan, persecution on people - Refugees crisis, political unrest in Egypt, Venezuela, Belarus, Tunisia, etc.   

 

On the other hand, UN has achieved also huge resolving risen many disputes and has been playing vital role ensuring human rights after world wars. UN has greater opportunities to perform its duty implementing its rules, regulations on member countries by strengthening its organs by reaching like on function of president of United States of America as many autonomic nations' states in USA are run by President of USA. Like President of USA , United Nations as a President  will implement its rules, regulations on member countries (One global country by many nations' countries) by consensus or judgment by bindings that will resolve all problems soon even only paying few blood avoiding mass bloodshed.

 

However, permanent five members UNSC can call meeting on security issues and human rights violation in the world and also can implement its unanimous passing resolution on member countries, even by military strike and others but it has now created risk of war because some countries are now holding mass destructive nuclear weapon, ICBM. Even all permanent five members UNSC are also holding nukes, ICBM, when disputes are arisen between them and it is needed to implement that creates hurdles, IE. Recently UNSC has been experienced disputes on South China Sea by China, Crimia-Ukrine  by Russia, both China & Russia are the UNSC member with UK, USA, France. Now question is raised how unanimous resolution will be passed by permanent member of UNSC? Even Russia, China both have given veto on Myanmar issues and USA has used veto power for Israel dispute. 

Furthermore, UNSC hasn't succeeded establishing democratic stable Libya, Syria, Iraq still now despite giving many blood, civil war is going on though once it was stable economic prosperous country despite many discrimination including human rights violation.

 

However, Disputes are created from various reasons in the countries even stable countries ie. Myanmar has been running with stable peaceful often democratic govt. since 2011 until present military coup. Now many armed forces anti-military govt. have been formed in the country and it is now going to commit civil war & bloodshed. It has only been created by illegal & unjustifiable military intervention but it had a good possibility to run stable democratic Govt. Therefore, election & power transition treated as an internal problem is major problem in many countries that is destabilizing many stable countries ie. Venezuela, Belarus where movements are going on due to election fairness, rigged questions. Even civil war &foreign military intervention took place in Syria for transition of power as President Assad has been running Govt. by rigged election for long time. On the other hand, Running long time by fair election like Dr Mahthir Mohammad doesn't create hurdles in the country, it has also been proven in India under Congress party's longer tenure.

 

It is noted, UNSC has intervened in Libya, Syria, Iraq due to allegation of  violation of human rights from anti Govt. movements & mass persecution on protesters as well as killing for dispersing by autocratic Govt. Since 2011 it has been taken place in many countries in Middle East including Tunisia, Syria, Egypt, Libya, etc. People had to give more blood to oust the dislike Govt. by large demonstration. On the other hand, Gen Sisi led military ousted democratically elected Govt. in Egypt and subsequently political persecution and distability tookplace. In addition, recently military coups are taken place in many African countries ousting elected Govt. by multiparty election.

Secondly, disputes are created by mass weapons procurement like North Korea's nuclear weapon, ICBM, Iran nuclear program crisis, Turkey Greece sea dispute, Illegal migrant refugee by repealing citizenship by the country, human rights violation, etc. However, International Arbitration courts under UN has succeeded resolving Bangladesh-Myanmar &India sea territory disputes. ICJ court also has made judgment on Rohingya ethnic cleansing, and also declared ruling on South China Sea dispute. But UN lead UNSC has failed to resist NK procuring nuclear weapon, ICBM as well as building independent Palestine, Israel.

 

However, UN has been addressing all arisen problems but it hasn't been succeeded due to its limitation on exercising the power on member countries. Here, It needs to bring reforms strengthening its rules, institutions. IE. ICJ under UN has to be given more power to hear on many disputed issues including election fairness, major political party's banning like Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt formed Govt, Sea disputes, military coup Govt reasonableness & legitimacy dispute, award huge trillion fine for procuring Nuke-ICBM  & chemical-biological weapons, minority ethnic group citizenship issues, & other major issues. But ICJ will hear these issues as a final and last reliable resort after the UNSC &UNGA's process and its judgment will be binding on UN member countries, UNSC will implement the judgment. Here, judges of ICJ will be elected by UNSC & UNGA's majority vote.

 

Moreover, firstly, UNSC can call UNSC's meeting on any human rights violation even unrest anti govt election fairness movement, UN other bodies also can declare whether legitimate election or not under present rules. If UNSC can make unanimous decision on any issues, they can immediately pass & implement resolutions for short time including arms embargo, sanctions, etc but later it has to take justification, approval by the UNGA, UNSC non permanent members' majority vote or consensus. Even any member country can challenge the taken decision to ICJ on military intervention, ousting Govt, Changing monarchy, taking over other countries' territory, no violate others sovereignty, deploying mass arms in border, etc. The process would be finished within 2-3 months as much as possible. ICJ would pass final verdict within 1 month and Expert Council will complete its process within 1 month. UNSC, UNGA also would complete its process 15-30 days.  

 

 Secondly, Expert body will be formed under UNGA by 15-20 members of investigative officers, political adviser-observer and analyst, defense experts, security & strategy analyst, journalist, administration-govt policy experts, election experts, etc. Like election rigging dispute, this Expert Body or council will investigate the allegations collecting information from newspapers, embassies, civil society, general people, observers, etc. Then they will send the report and findings to the UNGA's voting on elected Govt's legitimacy matter, then it will go to UNSC's joint 15+5=20 members voting and consensus in this regard and decision making. Then UNSC will start negotiation with their decision implementation by negotiate delegates.  If they fail to implement their decision, they will send to ICJ with all findings and written reasoning UN member countries on this regard. ICJ's judgment will be binding for all. 

 When legitimate government will be formed by UN recognition after election, oppositions can't oust the govt by movement until 4/5 years tenure expired questioning election unfairness if the Govt doesn't willing reign. UN will form negotiation or arbitration council, they will work on the expert council's findings on any dispute including election, election period govt, fairness, observation, and other disputes.

 

Countries like Myanmar, Africa ; UNSC, UNGA will justify the military coup's govt whether it is needed or not, how many time they can run, how they will handover power to political govt, and UN negotiation body can form election period govt to hold fair election by forming Govt from country's persons and their delegates jointly if it is needed like Afghanistan, Myanmar, Africa, Egypt, Syria , Libya, Iraq, etc in order to keep remain peace and stability in the countries avoiding political chaos. Disputed countries can apply to UN for this.

 

Third, Some countries are facing civil war, mass violence like Somalia, Sudan, Mali, Yemen, Libya, destabilize African countries have to be deployed UN peacekeeping delegates including military troops, political advisers, judicial officials, law experts by joint body to run the country until obtain its self-sufficient like Afghanistan, Iraq. Now US-UK lead NATO has been doing these in many countries like Afghanistan where they have achieved 80-90% success by building peaceful democratic political, educational process, training 300,000 security troops, administrations, ensuring women & human rights as well as economic assistance and so on. If it is run by UN, then UNSC can get money collectively to do expenditure in these missions.  Un peacekeeping joint body will be treated as governor of the country under UN. UN joint body will be training the country officials running the country, then years later they will leave the country. Mass destabilize countries will be chosen by the approval by the UNGA, UNSC, ICJ's judgment. They will take salary from the country and UN fund.

 

Fourth, present world order is running by multi systems like democratic Govt by election, stable Monarchy like Qatar, Saudi, UAE-etc, Islamic democratic Govt system like Iran, Communism China, Cuba, Semi Communism -North Korea. If 80-85% people don't show movement or support by survey, demonstration in order to change the country's governing system replacing monarchy by democracy, UN won't allow ousting the system forcefully until mass violation on human rights. Changing monarchy by democracy will be also needed approval  by ICJ  with UNGA, UNSC. Then UNSC can take initiatives for peace but democratic countries can never be replaced by absolute Monarchy, absolute monarchy will be democratic peacefully gradually based on people's demand.  

 

It is noted more than 80 million people are now refugee. They can be sent in large landmass countries like Nigeria, Sudan to form a stable country by every training, assistance under UN for their prosperous life. Even richest countries also can take them because many migrant descendant are leading the world like PM Boris Johnson, President Barack Obama, J Biden, D Trump, Sadik Khan, Praab Mukherji, Sonia Ghandi, etc.  

 

 Finally, UN will boost its mass weapons monitoring body to examine and search countries' weapons industries. Countries will be awarded fine if they build mass destructive weapons. If all problems are resolved by UN peacefully by these ways, war doesn't need. So mass nuke, ICBM gradually must be reduced or demolished.

In my conclusion, I do believe if these reforms can be implemented near future, peaceful dynamic world will be built under United Nations. 

     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The University of Dhaka has passed 100 years, centenary anniversary.

THE RIGHT THINKING 24

 

The University of Dhaka has passed 100 years since 1921. Today its centenary anniversary. Professor Sir Philip Joseph Hartog led the university for 5 years from beginning as a first vice chancellor. In order to remember the university, many legendary educationists, intellectuals have published articles, journals stating history, educational curriculum, governing systems, achievements and shortcomings of the university.

However, once upon a time this university was being recognised as like western Oxbridge universities. In fact it is known after reading many legendary's books, Prof. Sir Philip, VC, was very uncompromising on standard of the study from beginning, he always looked after the students visiting the Halls, accommodation and study rooms. During his tenure, many students failed in their academic years and didn't allow students who didn't attend the classes regularly. In his speech at the second convocation of the university on February 20, 1924, he said: "We have not hesitated to maintain a high standard of examination from the first and we shall not hesitate to maintain it." Although the university of Dhaka started its journey with 60 teachers and 847 students where Ms Lila Nag was the only girl student. After passing 4 years, the university got only 9 girls where one Muslim girl student. Therefore, it reports the educational situation of this part of Bengal during British empire.

In addition, it is known that East Bengal Muslim community was very backward on education, progressiveness due to conservativeness on many things as well as religion. Muslim leaders requested British rulers to establish university in the area to enlighten the backward society. Finally, British Lord built the university of Dhaka in Dhaka. Even it was also initiative to unite undivided Bengal repealing BanghaBangha, partition of Bengal. Two teachers of Dhaka College, Naresh Chandra Sengupta and TC Williams played vital role favour the university's autonomic governance and it was often approved.

On the other hand, university started increasing its students' number regular basis. Many students went to Great Britain for higher degrees after passing from the university. After partition of British India, Pakistan appointed many VC into the university and also passed university Act to run the university. However, movements on many issues since partition of British India and Bengal to Pakistan period, 1947-1971, tookplace where students of the Dhaka university played always vital role and even many times leading role especially language movement, Juktofrant political movement, 21 terms and Six terms Choydafa, Farmers movements, women's rights movement, education movement, anti govt movement, Ghonoobbothan civil rights movement, independence movement, and so on. During the time, students as well as professors also tookpart on many movements and gave blood like Prof Dr Shamzuzhuha, Prof Dr Muniruzzaman and so on. University Dhaka started teaching their students academic curriculum as well as rights of the nation, justice-injustice in the society, progressiveness, women's rights and empowerment, independence and sovereignty, good governance, state and government with citizen, liberty and history and fight, culture, knowing the nation and prosperity, etc. Following these, the university spent more time educating basic curriculum and preparing students for movements instead of giving time on traditional research on academic curriculum comparing with western universities. In fact, the students of the university as well as professors were involved more into the politics based on the achievement of the many historic movements like independence.

Moreover, Since after independence, it has been also going on til present time. Many students unions were formed into university and students are used to participating largely political parties activities and movements. Students are praised ousting the dictator government taking part into the movements though students in many countries are used to takepart dynamic movements and involved working in students' union alongside academic study. It is notable that national leaders, politicians, bureaucrats and high officials are made from students and professor of the university. On the other hand, generally critics allege this political side of the university for shortcoming of the academic study and its standard comparing with best universities or contemporary originated universities.

However, the university has achieved huge leading the nation enlightening on many issues including language, independence, good governance, civil rights as well as teaching regular academic curriculum. Many legendary persons have praised the university stating its golden ear focusing its historic roles alongside they point out the shortcoming on research on academic curriculum, and standard of curriculum comparing the demand of present modern scientific technological era and achievement in this field where world renowned notable universities Oxbridge, Harvard, Heidelberg, etc are running especially working on academic studies based on research instead of working more society, country building. Though more than 50% are now taking education from Private Universities, Colleges due to shortage of seats into the Public Universities, Colleges and Private Universities' non political involvement's benefits avoiding session clutter as well as others like education quality, specialize subjects, courses for job market.

Political culture, society are different in every country . Therefore, now time to think how it can be achieved in the Dhaka University comparing world notable universities.